ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the experience of an outpatient clinic with the multidisciplinary evaluation of intensive care unit survivors and to analyze their social, psychological, and physical characteristics in a low-income population and a developing country. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Adult survivors from a general intensive care unit were evaluated three months after discharge in a post-intensive care unit outpatient multidisciplinary clinic over a period of 6 years (2008-2014) in a University Hospital in southern Brazil. RESULTS: A total of 688 out of 1945 intensive care unit survivors received care at the clinic. Of these, 45.2% had psychological disorders (particularly depression), 49.0% had respiratory impairments (abnormal spirometry), and 24.6% had moderate to intense dyspnea during daily life activities. Patients experienced weight loss during hospitalization (mean=11.7%) but good recovery after discharge (mean gain=9.1%), and 94.6% were receiving nutrition orally. One-third of patients showed a reduction of peripheral muscular strength, and 5.7% had moderate to severe tetraparesis or tetraplegia. There was a significant impairment in quality of life (SF-36), particularly in the physical and emotional aspects and in functional capacity. The economic impacts on the affected families, which were mostly low-income families, were considerable. Most patients did not have full access to rehabilitation services, even though half of the families were receiving financial support from the government. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of intensive care unit survivors evaluated 3 months after discharge had psychological, respiratory, motor, and socioeconomic problems; these findings highlight that strategies aimed to assist critically ill patients should be extended to the post-hospitalization period and that this problem is particularly important in low-income populations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Critical Illness/mortality , Critical Illness/psychology , Survivors/psychology , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Life , Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Depression/etiology , Hospitalization , Hospitals, UniversityABSTRACT
A prevalência estimada de asma no Brasil (21%) coloca-o em 8º lugar no ranking mundial. As taxas de mortalidade por asma costumam variar entre os países e são moduladas por fatores externos à doença, tais como o nível de desenvolvimento dos recursos de saúde disponíveis e a qualidade do sistema de registros de óbitos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar e analisar a taxa de mortalidade por asma nos moradores da cidade de Cascavel/PR. Os dados foram selecionados dos atestados de óbito dos moradores no município de Cascavel, PR, ocorridos de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2009, sem limitação de faixa etária, que contivessem em qualquer das partes a citação de asma (J45), na 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID 10). Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. A asma foi identificada como causa associada em 17 óbitos, correspondendo ao coeficiente médio de mortalidade de 1,11/100.000 habitantes, diferente do observado em outros países. Observou-se que a mortalidade associada à asma foi maior nas faixas etárias mais altas. O gênero não pareceu ser uma variável importante. A maioria das mortes ocorreu em hospitais e não houve maior ocorrência de óbitos em determinada época do ano. Não se pôde avaliar com acurácia o diagnóstico de asma dos óbitos, nem se a asma contribuiu ou não para o óbito, pois não se teve acesso à identificação e dados de internação dessas pessoas.
Brazil is the 8th country in the world in asthma prevalence (approximately 21%). Mortality rates for asthma vary among countries and are modulated by external factors, such as the level of development of health resources available and the quality of the system of death records. This study aimed to analyze and quantify the asthma mortality rate in people living in thecity of Cascavel, PR, from 2005 to 2009. Data were selected from death certificates of residents of Cascavel, PR, registered from January 2005 to December 2009, which contained in any field asthma (ICD 10, code J45), without limitation of age. Data were collected from Mortality Information System (SIM) in the Health secretary of Cascavel. Asthma was identified as an associated cause in 17 deaths, corresponding to an average mortality rate of 1.11 per 100,000 inhabitants, different from the observed in other countries. It can be observed that the mortality associated with asthma was higher in higher age groups. The genderdoes not seem to be an important variable. Most deaths occurred in hospitals and there was not a higher incidence of deaths related to certain period of the year. We were unable to assess accurately the diagnosis of asthma deaths, nor if asthma contributedto death or not, because there were no identification available and admission data of such people.